Some essential Linux commands

Some essential Linux commands you should be familiar with:

1. File and Directory Management:

   • ls: List directory contents.
   • cd: Change the current directory.
   • pwd: Print the current working directory.
   • mkdir: Create new directories.
   • rmdir: Remove empty directories.
   • rm: Remove files or directories.
   • cp: Copy files or directories.
   • mv: Move or rename files or directories.
   • touch: Create empty files or update the timestamp of existing files.
   • cat: Concatenate and display file content.
   • less / more: View file content one page at a time.

2. File Permissions and Ownership:

   • chmod: Change file permissions.
   • chown: Change file ownership.

3. File Search and Manipulation:

   • find: Search for files and directories.
   • grep: Search text using patterns.
   • sed: Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.

4. Process Management:

   • ps: Display current processes.
   • top: Display tasks and system performance.
   • kill: Terminate processes by PID.
   • pkill: Terminate processes by name.

5. System Information:

   • uname: Print system information.
   • df: Report file system disk space usage.
   • du: Estimate file space usage.
   • free: Display memory usage.

6. Networking:

   • ifconfig: Configure network interfaces.
   • ping: Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts.
   • netstat: Network statistics.

7. Package Management:

   • apt-get / yum: Install, update, and remove software packages (depending on the Linux distribution).

8. Text Editors:

   • nano, vim, or emacs: Text editors to edit files directly in the terminal.